由于知识图表提供的丰富信息，基于路径的可解释的推荐系统的最新进展引起了更大的关注。最现有的可解释的建议仅利用静态知识图表并忽略动态用户项演进，导致不太令人信服和不准确的解释。虽然有一些作品，但意识到建模用户的时间顺序行为可以提高推荐器系统的性能和解释性，其中大多数只关注用户在路径内的顺序交互或独立和单独的推荐机制。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的时间元路径指导可解释的推荐利用加强学习（TMER-RL），它利用了连续项目之间的加强项 - 项目路径建模，其注意机制在动态知识图上顺序模拟动态用户项演进用于解释的建议。与使用繁重的经常性神经网络模拟时间信息的现有作品相比，我们提出了简单但有效的神经网络，以捕获用户的历史项目功能和基于路径的上下文，以表征下一个购买的项目。与最近的强大基线相比，两个真实数据集的TMMER广泛评估显示了最先进的表现。

我们介绍了Yato，这是一种开源工具包，用于文本分析，并深入学习。它着重于文本上的基本序列标签和序列分类任务。Yato在层次结构中设计，支持三种功能的免费组合，包括1）传统神经网络（CNN，RNN等）；2）预训练的语言模型（Bert，Roberta，Electra等）；3）通过简单的可配置文件，用户定制的神经功能。Yato受益于灵活性和易用性的优势，可以促进对最先进的NLP模型的再现和完善，并促进NLP技术的跨学科应用。源代码，示例和文档可在https://github.com/jiesutd/yato上公开获取。

近年来，基于变压器的预训练模型已获得了很大的进步，成为自然语言处理中最重要的骨干之一。最近的工作表明，变压器内部的注意力机制可能不需要，卷积神经网络和基于多层感知器的模型也已被研究为变压器替代方案。在本文中，我们考虑了一个用于语言模型预训练的图形循环网络，该网络通过本地令牌级通信为每个序列构建一个图形结构，以及与其他代币解耦的句子级表示。原始模型在受监督培训下的特定领域特定文本分类中表现良好，但是，其通过自我监督的方式学习转移知识的潜力尚未得到充分利用。我们通过优化体系结构并验证其在更通用的语言理解任务（英语和中文）中的有效性来填补这一空白。至于模型效率，我们的模型在基于变压器的模型中而不是二次复杂性，而是具有线性复杂性，并且在推断过程中的性能更有效。此外，我们发现与现有基于注意力的模型相比，我们的模型可以生成更多样化的输出，而背景化的功能冗余性较小。

语言模型中的上下文化单词嵌入已为NLP提供了很大的进步。直观地，句子信息集成到单词的表示中，这可以帮助模型多义。但是，上下文灵敏度也导致表示形式的差异，这可能会破坏同义词的语义一致性。我们量化了典型的预训练模型中每个单词sense的上下文嵌入的程度各不相同。结果表明，在上下文中，上下文化的嵌入可以高度一致。此外，词性，单词感官的数量和句子长度对感官表示的差异有影响。有趣的是，我们发现单词表示是偏见的，在不同上下文中的第一个单词往往更相似。我们分析了这种现象，还提出了一种简单的方法来减轻基于距离的单词sense剥夺歧义设置的偏见。

在线众包平台使对算法输出进行评估变得容易，并提出诸如“哪个图像更好，A或B？”之类的问题的调查，在视觉和图形研究论文中的这些“用户研究”的扩散导致了增加匆忙进行的研究充其量是草率且无知的，并且可能有害和误导。我们认为，在计算机视觉和图形论文中的用户研究的设计和报告需要更多关注。为了提高从业者的知识并提高用户研究的可信度和可复制性，我们提供了用户体验研究（UXR），人类计算机互动（HCI）和相关领域的方法论的概述。我们讨论了目前在计算机视觉和图形研究中未利用的基础用户研究方法（例如，需要调查），但可以为研究项目提供宝贵的指导。我们为有兴趣探索其他UXR方法的读者提供了进一步的指导。最后，我们描述了研究界的更广泛的开放问题和建议。我们鼓励作者和审稿人都认识到，并非每项研究贡献都需要用户研究，而且根本没有研究比不小心进行的研究更好。

In this paper, we propose a robust 3D detector, named Cross Modal Transformer (CMT), for end-to-end 3D multi-modal detection. Without explicit view transformation, CMT takes the image and point clouds tokens as inputs and directly outputs accurate 3D bounding boxes. The spatial alignment of multi-modal tokens is performed implicitly, by encoding the 3D points into multi-modal features. The core design of CMT is quite simple while its performance is impressive. CMT obtains 73.0% NDS on nuScenes benchmark. Moreover, CMT has a strong robustness even if the LiDAR is missing. Code will be released at https://github.com/junjie18/CMT.

Dataset distillation has emerged as a prominent technique to improve data efficiency when training machine learning models. It encapsulates the knowledge from a large dataset into a smaller synthetic dataset. A model trained on this smaller distilled dataset can attain comparable performance to a model trained on the original training dataset. However, the existing dataset distillation techniques mainly aim at achieving the best trade-off between resource usage efficiency and model utility. The security risks stemming from them have not been explored. This study performs the first backdoor attack against the models trained on the data distilled by dataset distillation models in the image domain. Concretely, we inject triggers into the synthetic data during the distillation procedure rather than during the model training stage, where all previous attacks are performed. We propose two types of backdoor attacks, namely NAIVEATTACK and DOORPING. NAIVEATTACK simply adds triggers to the raw data at the initial distillation phase, while DOORPING iteratively updates the triggers during the entire distillation procedure. We conduct extensive evaluations on multiple datasets, architectures, and dataset distillation techniques. Empirical evaluation shows that NAIVEATTACK achieves decent attack success rate (ASR) scores in some cases, while DOORPING reaches higher ASR scores (close to 1.0) in all cases. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive ablation study to analyze the factors that may affect the attack performance. Finally, we evaluate multiple defense mechanisms against our backdoor attacks and show that our attacks can practically circumvent these defense mechanisms.

Automatic music generation with artificial intelligence typically requires a large amount of data which is hard to obtain for many less common genres and musical instruments. To tackle this issue, we present ongoing work and preliminary findings on the possibility for deep models to transfer knowledge from language to music, by finetuning large language models pre-trained on a massive text corpus on only hundreds of MIDI files of drum performances. We show that by doing so, one of the largest, state-of-the-art models (GPT3) is capable of generating reasonable drum grooves, while models that are not pre-trained (Transformer) shows no such ability beyond naive repetition. Evaluating generated music is a challenging task, more so is evaluating drum grooves with little precedence in literature. Hence, we propose a tailored structural evaluation method and analyze drum grooves produced by GPT3 compared to those played by human professionals, exposing the strengths and weaknesses of such generation by language-to-music transfer. Our findings suggest that language-to-music transfer learning with large language models is viable and promising.

Few Shot Instance Segmentation (FSIS) requires models to detect and segment novel classes with limited several support examples. In this work, we explore a simple yet unified solution for FSIS as well as its incremental variants, and introduce a new framework named Reference Twice (RefT) to fully explore the relationship between support/query features based on a Transformer-like framework. Our key insights are two folds: Firstly, with the aid of support masks, we can generate dynamic class centers more appropriately to re-weight query features. Secondly, we find that support object queries have already encoded key factors after base training. In this way, the query features can be enhanced twice from two aspects, i.e., feature-level and instance-level. In particular, we firstly design a mask-based dynamic weighting module to enhance support features and then propose to link object queries for better calibration via cross-attention. After the above steps, the novel classes can be improved significantly over our strong baseline. Additionally, our new framework can be easily extended to incremental FSIS with minor modification. When benchmarking results on the COCO dataset for FSIS, gFSIS, and iFSIS settings, our method achieves a competitive performance compared to existing approaches across different shots, e.g., we boost nAP by noticeable +8.2/+9.4 over the current state-of-the-art FSIS method for 10/30-shot. We further demonstrate the superiority of our approach on Few Shot Object Detection. Code and model will be available.

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown satisfying performance on various graph learning tasks. To achieve better fitting capability, most GNNs are with a large number of parameters, which makes these GNNs computationally expensive. Therefore, it is difficult to deploy them onto edge devices with scarce computational resources, e.g., mobile phones and wearable smart devices. Knowledge Distillation (KD) is a common solution to compress GNNs, where a light-weighted model (i.e., the student model) is encouraged to mimic the behavior of a computationally expensive GNN (i.e., the teacher GNN model). Nevertheless, most existing GNN-based KD methods lack fairness consideration. As a consequence, the student model usually inherits and even exaggerates the bias from the teacher GNN. To handle such a problem, we take initial steps towards fair knowledge distillation for GNNs. Specifically, we first formulate a novel problem of fair knowledge distillation for GNN-based teacher-student frameworks. Then we propose a principled framework named RELIANT to mitigate the bias exhibited by the student model. Notably, the design of RELIANT is decoupled from any specific teacher and student model structures, and thus can be easily adapted to various GNN-based KD frameworks. We perform extensive experiments on multiple real-world datasets, which corroborates that RELIANT achieves less biased GNN knowledge distillation while maintaining high prediction utility.